American biologists have found out what triggers more than half of human genes — and they did it not with tweezers and a microscope, but with a neural network that they set on half a million DNA fragments.
The switch that was hiding in plain sight class=»notranslate»>__GTAG8__
Each gene has its own “start button” — a section of DNA from which the reading of genetic information starts. Scientists call it the initiator: this is where the cell decides whether to turn on the gene or not. The problem is that this region has remained undecipherable for decades—the sequence of bases is too short and confusing to figure out the pattern by hand.
Next, the model was sent to “walk” throughout the human genome to check where the found pattern still occurs. The result surprised even the authors: the initiator was found in approximately 60% of human genes — that is, this tiny genetic detail is involved in the launch of most processes in the cell, from tissue growth to hormone synthesis.
The head of the laboratory, professor of molecular biology James Kadonaga, noted that the constructed AI models for the first time gave a reliable prediction of the presence or absence of an initiator in genes — and thereby actually revealed its DNA code. The work was published in the scientific journal Genes & Development.
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